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Tag: summary

Nathan

Three Overviews

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I like the structure of Why-How-What for writing an overview of PhD research:

  • Why did you do this research?
  • How did you do it?
  • What was the result?

Why-How-What has a nice structure for creating a summary during viva prep. It can also be expanded on in other ways. For example:

  • Why did you explore this area?
  • How did your plans change?
  • What do you need to emphasise to your examiners?

A different set of questions can help you draw together different helpful ideas. You could also help your general viva preparation with a quick Why-How-What overview:

  • Why are you on track to succeed at your viva?
  • How could you build your confidence in the coming weeks?
  • What will you do to help yourself?

Keep Why-How-What in mind as you approach your viva. If you’re asked to prepare a presentation as part of your viva, as some candidates are, then consider this as a nice introduction structure too!

 

PS: if you’re looking for helpful viva prep ideas then check out Viva Survivors Select Volume 1. This is my complete collection of helpful viva zines I made last year. Volume 1 has eight issues, 165 curated posts from the archives and lots of new resources – and an introductory offer price until tomorrow at midnight!

Nathan

How You’d Start Over

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If you were to start your PhD over again what would you do differently?

If you were to start again what would you do the same?

I don’t know how often examiners ask these questions. I’ve seen them suggested as good general discussion questions but haven’t verified if they’re widespread.

That said, they might be helpful questions to reflect on during viva prep.

 

What would you do differently? Write down three things you would change. Be specific. Say why. Consider the impact of these changes. What else might change as a result? Could you have done any of these at the time or do you only know this with the benefit of hindsight?

What would you do the same? Write down three things you would not change about your approach. Be specific and say why. What was the impact of these actions and why would it be important for you to do it the same again? Were you sure of their impact the first time around?

 

Your examiners need to unpick your process at the viva. It helps if you take time to do that during your prep.

Nathan

Five Contributions

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List five contributions to research that you and your work have made, big or small. For each one, write one or two short sentences to respond to each of these questions:

  • When did you do the work that lead to this contribution?
  • Why was this work something you pursued?
  • How did you approach this?
  • Who, if anyone, supported you in this and what did they do?
  • Where does it fit in your thesis?
  • What does this contribution mean to other people?

Five contributions and several sentences for each then gives a fruitful space for further reflection.

How would you organise them? Chronologically? Can you group them into related categories? Do they have similar impact or area of impact? Did one contribution allow for another?

And, more than anything, can you see that with very little provocation there is a lot you can talk about at your viva when it comes to thinking about the contributions you have made?

Nathan

VIVA Time

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Two days before your viva is a good time to think VIVA:

  • What is Valuable in your research? Write two sentences explaining something that matters.
  • What was Interesting when you started? Write two sentences that summarise what captured your interest.
  • Is there anything Vague or unclear in your thesis? Write two sentences to note anything that you might need to explain more at your viva.
  • What questions would you like to Ask your examiners? Write two questions you would ask given the opportunity.

A little time and a little focus can be a powerful way to help your viva prep.

Nathan

What Did You Enjoy?

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When you’re getting ready for your viva there’s both time and a need to explore what was a challenge. Anything that challenged you has some value. You can explore what made it difficult and what you achieved by rising to the challenge.

If you faced problems then it makes sense to consider them again before your viva. You might need to talk about them with your examiners. It then makes sense to write summaries, rehearse and figure out how you explain why something was a problem and what you did about it.

Then there’s your research contribution. What makes it significant? How does it make a difference to your field or disciplines?

 

All of the above are worth exploring as you prepare for your viva but perhaps begin with something simpler. What did you enjoy during your PhD? What did you look forward to doing or come to appreciate?

When you’re getting ready for your viva a good starting point might be to think about what you enjoyed doing your research. There’s plenty of time for harder topics. What did you enjoy?

Nathan

A Reflection

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To reflect a little ahead of your viva, take a sheet of paper and divide it into four parts. Respond to each of the following questions with a few sentences.

  1. What was the starting point for your most significant work?
  2. What were the three most useful papers you read?
  3. What words come to mind when you think of your PhD challenges?
  4. What was the most helpful skill or understanding that you developed?

You can always build on any of these thoughts by reflecting on your responses and asking why.

A reflection or a summary is a chance to think ahead. What other useful questions can you think of to explore topics and that will help you at your viva?

Nathan

What’s Your Contribution?

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A fundamental assumption of the viva process is that a PhD thesis has a contribution to knowledge.

What’s yours?

How do you define it? How do you explain it? What do you highlight for others?

What does someone else need to know to understand what you’ve done?

What do you hope your examiners take away from reading your thesis?

Reflecting on your contribution ahead of the viva will help you to unpack and explore it with your examiners. Taking time to read your thesis, write summaries and rehearse can all help you talk confidently and respond to your examiners’ questions.

Start simple.

What’s your contribution?

Nathan

A Dreaming Reflection

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I was recently reminded of the Dreamer, Realist, Critic model for creative thinking. One way a person might apply it to a situation that needs ideas is to think in three phases:

  • Dreamer: What ideas can I find for this? The sky’s the limit!
  • Realist: How can I find a practical idea? I have to be grounded.
  • Critic: Where are the flaws with my ideas? I have to be serious.

I’m simplifying for brevity, but you get the idea. Disney is said to have used these various stages of thinking to help explore projects. More generally, it’s helpful to have structure to help focus.

As with so many tools like this I think it has a natural application to viva preparation, particularly in reflecting on the thesis contribution. The three words have good connections with different ways to focus:

  • Dreamer: How can we apply this contribution? What are the different ways someone might value it?
  • Realist: How did you come to these ideas? What tools, methods and resources did you use?
  • Critic: Where might there be problems in your research? How can you account for different perspectives?

I’m simplifying for brevity here too, but again you get the idea. Take the questions, write down some thoughts and reflect on your research and what it means.

Nathan

Questions About Your Thesis

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What might an expert make of your thesis?

What would a non-expert be able to understand?

What does your supervisor say about your work?

How much would your friends and colleagues need to know to talk about your thesis with you?

What would you emphasise in a summary or seminar about your thesis?

What points from your thesis connect with the work of your internal examiner?

What points from your thesis connect with the work of your external examiner?

 

None of these questions are typical of the viva. All could be helpful to reflect on beforehand so that you can think about what your work means, how you’ve written about it and how you might explain it to others.

Nathan

I For Interesting

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Long time readers might remember my acronym VIVA that I find helpful for reflecting on thesis chapters. In brief:

  • What is valuable in the chapter?
  • What do you find interesting about the research?
  • Is there anything vague in what you’ve presented?
  • Are there any questions you think you’ll ask your examiners?

All of these can be useful to start a process of reflection and write a summary. The second word, interesting, provides encouragement as well.

When you think about what you find interesting you get a little lift. “This is what got me hooked,” or “This is why I wanted to know more.”

Perhaps even, “This is what helped me keep going.”

It’s worth reflecting on this as you prepare for your viva. What did you find interesting in your research? Why did it draw you in? What did you find? What would you love to share with others?

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