Again, For The Final Time

That’s the viva. You’re doing something you have done many, many times throughout the last few years – thinking about and talking about your research and your ability as a researcher – and this is the last time you’ll need to do that.

(you might want to do it again, you might want to be a researcher or have a career that involves this – but you won’t need to do it after your viva)

At your viva you need to discuss your research contribution, your PhD journey and what you can do as a researcher. These are all things you must necessarily have done a lot during your PhD. The viva is a particular challenge which requires particular prep, but it’s not so different from the rest of your PhD experience.

The viva means doing it one more time. Maybe the last time.

Build Your Habits

Viva prep is work: a series of actions that steer you towards being ready for your examiners.

You can approach it as a finite project, setting out tasks and activities to a plan for yourself, but it might also help to think of it as a cluster of habits – regular tasks or processes to help you prepare.

  • You could, for example, get in to the habit of writing down questions about your research whenever they occur to you.
  • You could find a convenient ten minutes every day to write about your thesis contribution.
  • You could start a practice of looking at difficult parts of your thesis with an open mind, “What can I learn from this?”

We are the sum of our habits. The things we do often, good and bad, give us a foundation for how we approach whatever situations we find ourselves in.

What habits could you choose for viva prep? How can you steer yourself in a good way for your viva?

A Few More Words

Annotation helps you to prepare in two ways.

First, you have to think carefully about your thesis while you add the notes or emphasis you need.

Second, you have a more helpful resource for your viva.

 

Annotation is effective when you do it in two stages.

First, think carefully about what you really need or want your thesis to have. What do you want to see or find more easily? Make a list.

Second, consider how you will do each of the items on the list in a clear and consistent way. How can you make your annotations simple so they don’t confuse you?

 

In the big picture view of viva prep, annotation is a few more words to add to your thesis to help you get ready. With a little thought it can be a relatively simple exercise to make your thesis better.

What do you need? How will you do it?

Preparing For The Unknown

Your examiners will have a plan for what they want to talk about at your viva.

This isn’t a script. They’re not asking a set list of questions like a questionnaire. They’re using pre-prepared questions and points to prompt the discussion.

You might have some expectations. Based on past experiences of talking about your work or because of your research you might think, “I’ll probably be asked about…” or “I’ll bet they want to talk about…”

It’s reasonable to have hopes or expectations, but you still won’t know until you get to your viva and it’s happening. There’s lots you can do to be prepared for the unknown though:

  • Talk to friends about their experiences.
  • Talk to your supervisors about viva expectations.
  • Reflect on your contribution to think about what examiners might want to talk about.
  • Read your thesis to remind yourself of what you’ve done.
  • Practise for the viva by talking about your work or having a mock viva.

You won’t know what questions will be asked until you get to your viva, but doing any of the above will help you feel a little more ready for whatever questions your examiners do ask.

The Right Tools

What do you need to take to your viva?

  • Your thesis. Annotated in advance, carefully read and available as a resource to help the discussion.
  • Pen and paper. Something to write on and something to write with, according to your own preferences.
  • Water. Something to drink as it’s unlikely your examiners or institution will provide refreshments.
  • Anything else? Depending on your research there might be a prototype or prop that you can show, or some accompanying materials. It depends!

You don’t need much in your viva. You need your thesis and some other basics will help.

The most important things you’re taking are your knowledge, your capability and your experience.

The right tools for the job.

At A Distance

Ask for help when you’re getting ready for your viva. Talk to your friends and colleagues in your department. Get them to listen to you talk about your work or ask about their experiences. Get the benefit of their help!

…but what do you do if you don’t have a PGR community in your department? Or what do you do if you are a distance PhD and you don’t have close contacts in your department because it’s rare for you to be there?

If you are in a position where you don’t have close contacts for some reason there is still a lot of viva prep you can do by yourself. If you need advice or want to know about viva experiences you might have to reach out to others.

Start by emailing and introducing yourself. It’s likely that there are even a few people from your department or a related institution who you’re acquainted with. Start with them.

Explain your situation. Tell people when your viva is and what you’re looking for. Ask for advice if you think they might have it and be clear about the kind of support you’re looking for if that’s what you need.

You might be at a distance and you might be able to do a lot of prep by yourself – but that doesn’t mean that you are alone as you get ready.

A Month To Prepare

I don’t advise every PhD candidate take a month to get ready for their viva but a month is a good place to start from when considering your plans.

Viva prep – the deliberate tasks someone does to get ready for their viva – takes between 20 and 30 hours for most candidates. Viva prep includes activities like reading your thesis, rehearsing for the viva, annotating and making notes, checking papers and any other practical task you can think of that might help.

Taking a month for viva prep means that 20 to 30 hours breaks down to half an hour or an hour most days. You might take days off, you might do more each day in the final week, but there is a lot of time to spread things out. There is space to change plans. There is wiggle room in case anything goes wrong.

Some people thrive with the pressure of a tighter deadline. Two weeks can be enough time to get ready for your viva, but with two weeks you are committing to one or two hours every day and there is less margin for error.

For your viva and your viva prep you have to decide what is best for you. I would recommend starting with a month, sketching out a plan taking into account your other responsibilities, then see how that feels.

It’s Important To Stretch

Don’t rush into viva prep. Make sure you have everything you need and a plan to help you get through the work you need.

Do small tasks first. Check the regulations. Ask for help. Place bookmarks at the start of chapters.

Stretch! Do small things so you know you’re starting well and won’t crash as soon as you find something difficult or you have a bad day. Start small and build up to being ready for your viva.

Working Out The Odds

There are lots of statistics about the general experience of the PhD viva – but we can’t combine them to find out the probability of a particular outcome.

Want to know how likely it is you’ll have a four-hour viva with major corrections and three examiners instead of two? Sorry, I can’t tell you and you can’t work it out.

There are lots of patterns of experience. Vivas tend to result in minor corrections. They tend to be longer than two hours. But to combine these and other details meaningfully and make predictions we’d need to know a lot more.

PhDs and vivas are unique: they follow patterns, but are always different. The patterns can show you what you can do to be ready in whatever situation you find at your viva.

You don’t need to work out the odds of success: instead work towards being ready to talk with your examiners and prepared for passing your viva.

An Extra Day

If you had an extra day to get ready for your viva, what would you do?

Would you spend a chunk of time reading your thesis again, just in case you missed something?

Perhaps you’d feel better if you sat down and talked with your supervisor some more.

Or you could consider gathering stationery and going over your thesis pages one more time just in case you can add something helpful.

 

One more day is a lot of time and you could complete a lot of helpful work – but given everything else you’ve done during your PhD and after submission, maybe you could just take the extra day as a chance to rest?

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