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Month: April 2025

Nathan

Add It Up

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All the papers and books you read.

All the hours on all the days you showed up and worked.

All the words on all the pages that you wrote, rewrote, proof-read and wrote again.

All the meetings with your supervisor.

All the new things you found and created.

All the ideas that weren’t there before.

You bring all of that together and it means a lot. There’s always more or different things to do. There are always questions to be asked at the viva. But if you add up everything you did you can be sure that you have a contribution.

And you can be reminded that that contribution exists because of you.

Nathan

Concerned?

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What should I be concerned about when it comes to my viva?

There are two strong words in that question. “Should” you be concerned at all? If you’re putting your focus on potential negative impacts is “concern” a good way to frame things?

At face value the best response a stranger could give to that question would have to begin with “It depends…” If you’re worried then that is concerning. If you feel that there’s a gap in your knowledge, understanding or confidence then that needs addressing.

But it depends: do you feel anything like that?

 

Maybe instead of the opening question we need different ways to frame this:

  • What could I do to make sure I’m ready?
  • What do I need to explore to be ready for my viva?
  • What do I need to check I understand for my viva?

There’s no need to feel concerned for your viva generally. If something is distracting you then unpick why, possibly in conversation with your supervisors. Beyond that, reframe your focus for getting ready.

Nathan

Get Away

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It would be nice to down tools, kick back and relax when you submit your thesis. You did it.

Wait, I mean: YOU DID IT!!!

It’s worth the exclamation marks because submission is an incredible achievement. One wish I have for all PhD candidates is that they could take a little time to relax and enjoy that feeling. I wish that they could get away and take a real break after all that work.

I also know that might be out of reach for many. Day to day life, responsibilities and resources might not allow for a holiday after submission. What will you do to enjoy that time?

The world won’t stop turning but perhaps you can halt the wheels turning when it comes to your research. Take a little break from your thesis and research after submission. Press pause so that when you start your preparations you’re more rested and more able to engage with the work you still have to do.

Nathan

Different Words

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The viva is a purposeful discussion or series of them: sparked by your thesis, made deeper by your contributions and aimed at providing enough evidence for your examiners to confirm that you’ve earned your PhD status.

What you and your examiners say helps to move the conversation along. Of course, different prompts and different responses mean different things.

A question has a different impact than a statement. An answer means something different to an opinion. A big general question is different to a finely-focussed small question about page 72. Saying “I don’t know” means something different to a three-minute monologue about something you do know.

Different does not mean better or worse. It’s just different.

Whatever your words, be clear. Be thoughtful. Take your time. Check the details.

Nathan

The Closed Door

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The viva typically takes place in a small room with a small team of examiners, one person and their thesis and their history – and a closed door that screens it all off from the outside world.

There are lots of negative perceptions about what happens at vivas. The perceived attitudes of examiners, the nature of questions, the unlikely-but-possible negative outcomes – these all combine and make many candidates feel down on the whole experience.

All of this is perception though: if you ask PhD graduates typically they’ll describe a challenge but one that’s positive. Maybe tiring, but fair. Difficult but doable.

It’s hard to change the overall perception of the viva in academic culture, but you can steer yourself if it seems intimidating to you. Focus on regulations and expectations. Yes there’s a closed door and two examiners and a challenge but what can you focus on?

You’ll be asked a lot of questions but remember: you did the work.

The door is closed here and now perhaps, but you have years of work, weeks of prep and a few hours to show what you know. The closed door doesn’t mean that you’re closed off.

Nathan

Certain & Right

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Do you feel that you need to be right in your viva? Do you need to have an answer for everything? The right answer?

I think that would feel like a lot of pressure. Needing to be right might also remove a lot of other opinions, opportunities and perspectives from a discussion.

 

Perhaps it’s better to strive for certainty. Take time in the viva to put your thoughts in order so that you are careful and certain in what you’re saying.

It’s far better to be clear in your responses than push to be right about everything.

Nathan

Compromises, Choices, Reasons

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I’ve very rarely met PhD candidates who describe their research journey as completely smooth.

I’ve also, thankfully, very rarely met candidates who say that it was a total nightmare!

Most PhD candidates made plans, worked hard and did enough.

Sometimes plans worked out well. Sometimes their plans had to change for reasons that were not obvious beforehand or circumstances that changed suddenly. Perhaps a candidate couldn’t do all of the research they wanted. Perhaps the questions or processes had to change. Perhaps they had to do something else entirely.

 

I’ve seen candidates approaching their viva worry because they frame changes or shifts as compromises. “I wanted X but I had to do Y.” “This could have been great but that wasn’t all it could have been.”

But compromises are still chosen and choices are made for reasons. Examiners might want to unpick circumstances and choices at the viva, so it helps to review those reasons as you get ready.

A better reason for reviewing your choices though is that they help you to remember that you did the work. You were not always in control of the situation but being a clever and capable researcher you made a reasoned choice.

Unpick the whys to help explain your PhD journey to your examiners.

Unpick the whys to help you explore your capability and build your confidence.

Nathan

Small Expectations

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There is research on viva lengths and the range of experiences. We could plot out the opening questions of a hundred PhD graduates to explore the first questions of vivas. We can examine the fine detail of requested corrections to see how much work is needed.

We can do this and more – and the result would be a big report that does not tell you what your viva will be like.

Keep your expectations small. Keep them simple.

  • Vivas take time. You can take your time.
  • Take the viva one question at a time.
  • Expect it to be difficult. Remember that you are good at difficult challenges.
  • Your examiners will be prepared. You can be too.
  • Most vivas result in corrections. Don’t expect perfection but don’t expect a lot.

What other small expectations do you have for your viva?

Nathan

Significant To Who?

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When thinking about your significant original contribution it’s natural to think about why something matters. The results and conclusions in your thesis have value and it’s right that someone – like your examiners – would want to explore that in your viva.

It makes sense to reflect on why your work matters and how you explain that as part of your viva prep. It’s also a good idea to think about who your work matters to as well.

For example, my thesis contained algorithms I’d developed for calculating certain properties of mathematical objects. That’s my simplest explanation without invoking fancy terms and funny symbols! This work mattered because these properties were typically very time-consuming for people to calculate. My algorithms had limits but they were very quick and easy to use.

That’s the why. The who, the people who would be interested, was a little more niche.

People interested in my work might be people who needed a tool. Or people who were looking to develop their own. Or even people looking for a little inspiration. But my work wasn’t for everyone.

Explore why your work matters as you get ready but remember to think about who it matters to as well.

Nathan

A Little Time For You

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I remember being excited for public holidays when I was a child because it was an extra day off! A longer weekend! Woohoo!

As an adult I’ve realised that despite my own desire to do nothing on a bank holiday, typically there’s someone else in my life who wants me to do something.

  • “Why don’t we go to….?”
  • “Come round today since everyone is free!”
  • “Now would be a good time to….”

Ah well, that’s life! Still, if your viva is coming up then today might be a good to take a little time for you. An hour here or there to just rest.

Breathe. Don’t pick up your thesis. Don’t check those papers. Just rest.

There’s a day coming when you’ll have a very busy couple of hours. Use today to take a couple of hours just for you.

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